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Bookdata-tools
mirror of https://github.com/BoiseState/bookdata-tools

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  302.         <nav id="TOC" role="doc-toc" class="toc-active">
    303. 

  303.     <h2 id="toc-title">On this page</h2>
    304. 

  304.    
    305. 

  305.   <ul>
    306. 

  306.   <li><a href="#sec-cluster" id="toc-sec-cluster" class="nav-link active" data-scroll-target="#sec-cluster">Book Clusters</a>
    307. 

  307.   <ul class="collapse">
    308. 

  308.   <li><a href="#clustering-algorithm" id="toc-clustering-algorithm" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#clustering-algorithm">Clustering Algorithm</a></li>
    309. 

  309.   <li><a href="#known-problems" id="toc-known-problems" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#known-problems">Known Problems</a></li>
    310. 

  310.   <li><a href="#cluster-link-tables" id="toc-cluster-link-tables" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#cluster-link-tables">Cluster Link Tables</a>
    311. 

  311.   <ul class="collapse">
    312. 

  312.   <li><a href="#graph-tables" id="toc-graph-tables" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#graph-tables">Graph Tables</a></li>
    313. 

  313.   </ul></li>
    314. 

  314.   <li><a href="#cluster-information-tables" id="toc-cluster-information-tables" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#cluster-information-tables">Cluster Information Tables</a></li>
    315. 

  315.   </ul></li>
    316. 

  316.   </ul>
    317. 

  317. <div class="toc-actions"><div><i class="bi bi-github"></i></div><div class="action-links"><p><a href="https://github.com/PIReTship/bookdata-tools/edit/main/docs/data/cluster.qmd" class="toc-action">Edit this page</a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/PIReTship/bookdata-tools/issues/new" class="toc-action">Report an issue</a></p></div></div></nav>
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  319. <!-- main -->
    320. 

  320. <main class="content" id="quarto-document-content">
    321. 

  321. 

  322. 

  323. 

  324. <section id="sec-cluster" class="level1">
    325. 

  325. <h1>Book Clusters</h1>
    326. 

  326. <p>For recommendation and analysis, we often want to look at <em>works</em> instead of individual books or editions of those books. The same material by the same author(s) may be reprinted in many different editions, with different ISBNs, and sometimes separate ratings from the same user.</p>
    327. 

  327. <p>There are a variety of ways to deal with this. GoodReads and OpenLibrary both have the concept of a ‘work’ to group together related editions (the Library of Congress also has such a concept internally in its BIBFRAME schema, but that data is not currently available for integration).</p>
    328. 

  328. <p>Other services, such as <a href="https://blog.librarything.com/thingology/2006/06/introducing-thingisbn/">ThingISBN</a> and OCLC’s <a href="https://www.worldcat.org/affiliate/webservices/xisbn/app.jsp">xISBN</a> both link together ISBNs: given a query ISBN, they will return a list of ISBNs believed to be for the same book.</p>
    329. 

  329. <p>Using the book data sources here, we have implemented comparable functionality in a manner that anyone can reproduce from public data. We call the resulting equivalence sets ‘book clusters’.</p>
    330. 

  330. <section id="clustering-algorithm" class="level2">
    331. 

  331. <h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="clustering-algorithm">Clustering Algorithm</h2>
    332. 

  332. <p>Our clustering algorithm begins by forming an undirected graph of record identifiers. We extract records from the following:</p>
    333. 

  333. <ul>
    334. 

  334. <li>Library of Congress book records, with edges from records to ISBNs recorded for that record.</li>
    335. 

  335. <li>OpenLibrary editions, with edges from editions to ISBNs recorded for that edition.</li>
    336. 

  336. <li>OpenLibrary works, with edges from works to editions.</li>
    337. 

  337. <li>GoodReads books, with edges from books to ISBNs recorded for that book.</li>
    338. 

  338. <li>GoodReads works, with edges from works to books.</li>
    339. 

  339. </ul>
    340. 

  340. <p>We then compute the connected components on this graph, and treat each connected component as a single ‘book’ (what we call a <em>book cluster</em>).</p>
    341. 

  341. <p>The idea is that if two ISBNs appear together on a book record, that is evidence they are for the same book; likewise, if two book records have the same ISBN, it is evidence they record the same book. Pooling this evidence across all data sources maximizes the ability to detect book clusters.</p>
    342. 

  342. <p>The <code>isbn_cluster</code> table maps each ISBN to its associated cluster. Individual data sources may also have an <code>isbn_cluster</code> table (e.g.&nbsp;<code>gr.isbn_cluster</code>); that is the result of clustering ISBNs using only the book records from that data source. However, all clustered results such as rating tables are based on the all-source book clusters.</p>
    343. 

  343. </section>
    344. 

  344. <section id="known-problems" class="level2">
    345. 

  345. <h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="known-problems">Known Problems</h2>
    346. 

  346. <p>There are a few known problems with the ISBN clustering:</p>
    347. 

  347. <ul>
    348. 

  348. <li><p>Publishers occasionally reuse ISBNs. They aren’t supposed to do this, but they do. This results in unrelated books having the same ISBN. This will cause a problem for any ISBN-based linking between books and ratings, not just the book clustering. We don’t yet have a good way to identify these ISBNs.</p></li>
    349. 

  349. <li><p>Some book sets have ISBNs, which cause them link together books that should not be clustered. The Library of Congress identifies many of these ISBNs as set ISBNs, and we are examining the prospect of using this to exclude them from informing clustering decisions.</p></li>
    350. 

  350. </ul>
    351. 

  351. <p>If you only need e.g.&nbsp;the GoodReads data, we recommend that you <em>not</em> cluster it for the purpose of ratings, and only use clusters to link to out-of-GR book or author data. We are open to adding additional tables that facilitate linking GoodReads works directly to other tables.</p>
    352. 

  352. </section>
    353. 

  353. <section id="cluster-link-tables" class="level2">
    354. 

  354. <h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="cluster-link-tables">Cluster Link Tables</h2>
    355. 

  355. <div id="file:book-links/isbn-clusters.parquet" class="parquet file-block" data-file="book-links/isbn-clusters.parquet">
    356. 

  356. <div class="file-header">
    357. 

  357. <code>book-links/isbn-clusters.parquet</code>
    358. 

  358. </div>
    359. 

  359. <p>This file maps ISBN IDs to book clusters, enabling the various other book identifiers from other data sources to be mapped to clusters, since everything resolves to ISBN IDs.</p>
    360. 

  360. <details class="file-details"><summary>File details</summary>
    361. 

  361. <table class="file-schema table">
    362. 

  362. <caption>Schema for <code>book-links/isbn-clusters.parquet</code>.</caption>
    363. 

  363. <colgroup>
    364. 

  364. <col style="width: 60%">
    365. 

  365. <col style="width: 40%">
    366. 

  366. </colgroup>
    367. 

  367. <thead>
    368. 

  368. <tr class="header">
    369. 

  369. <th style="text-align: left;"><div>
    370. 

  370. Field
    371. 

  371. </div></th>
    372. 

  372. <th style="text-align: right;"><div>
    373. 

  373. Type
    374. 

  374. </div></th>
    375. 

  375. </tr>
    376. 

  376. </thead>
    377. 

  377. <tbody>
    378. 

  378. <tr class="odd">
    379. 

  379. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    380. 

  380. isbn
    381. 

  381. </div></td>
    382. 

  382. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    383. 

  383. Utf8
    384. 

  384. </div></td>
    385. 

  385. </tr>
    386. 

  386. <tr class="even">
    387. 

  387. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    388. 

  388. isbn_id
    389. 

  389. </div></td>
    390. 

  390. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    391. 

  391. Int32
    392. 

  392. </div></td>
    393. 

  393. </tr>
    394. 

  394. <tr class="odd">
    395. 

  395. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    396. 

  396. cluster
    397. 

  397. </div></td>
    398. 

  398. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    399. 

  399. Int32
    400. 

  400. </div></td>
    401. 

  401. </tr>
    402. 

  402. </tbody>
    403. 

  403. </table>
    404. 

  404. </details>
    405. 

  405. </div>
    406. 

  406. <pre><code>{{&lt; schema book-links/isbn-clusters.parquet &gt;}}</code></pre>
    407. 

  407. <section id="graph-tables" class="level3">
    408. 

  408. <h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="graph-tables">Graph Tables</h3>
    409. 

  409. <p>We also export the book identifier graph used for clustering to support further analysis.</p>
    410. 

  410. <div id="file:book-links/cluster-graph-nodes.parquet" class="parquet file-block" data-file="book-links/cluster-graph-nodes.parquet">
    411. 

  411. <div class="file-header">
    412. 

  412. <code>book-links/cluster-graph-nodes.parquet</code>
    413. 

  413. </div>
    414. 

  414. <p>The table of nodes (with attributes) from the graph used for book clustering.</p>
    415. 

  415. <details class="file-details"><summary>File details</summary>
    416. 

  416. <table class="file-schema table">
    417. 

  417. <caption>Schema for <code>book-links/cluster-graph-nodes.parquet</code>.</caption>
    418. 

  418. <colgroup>
    419. 

  419. <col style="width: 60%">
    420. 

  420. <col style="width: 40%">
    421. 

  421. </colgroup>
    422. 

  422. <thead>
    423. 

  423. <tr class="header">
    424. 

  424. <th style="text-align: left;"><div>
    425. 

  425. Field
    426. 

  426. </div></th>
    427. 

  427. <th style="text-align: right;"><div>
    428. 

  428. Type
    429. 

  429. </div></th>
    430. 

  430. </tr>
    431. 

  431. </thead>
    432. 

  432. <tbody>
    433. 

  433. <tr class="odd">
    434. 

  434. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    435. 

  435. book_code
    436. 

  436. </div></td>
    437. 

  437. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    438. 

  438. Int32
    439. 

  439. </div></td>
    440. 

  440. </tr>
    441. 

  441. <tr class="even">
    442. 

  442. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    443. 

  443. cluster
    444. 

  444. </div></td>
    445. 

  445. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    446. 

  446. Int32
    447. 

  447. </div></td>
    448. 

  448. </tr>
    449. 

  449. <tr class="odd">
    450. 

  450. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    451. 

  451. node_type
    452. 

  452. </div></td>
    453. 

  453. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    454. 

  454. Utf8
    455. 

  455. </div></td>
    456. 

  456. </tr>
    457. 

  457. <tr class="even">
    458. 

  458. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    459. 

  459. label
    460. 

  460. </div></td>
    461. 

  461. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    462. 

  462. Utf8
    463. 

  463. </div></td>
    464. 

  464. </tr>
    465. 

  465. </tbody>
    466. 

  466. </table>
    467. 

  467. </details>
    468. 

  468. </div>
    469. 

  469. <pre><code>{{&lt; schema book-links/cluster-graph-nodes.parquet &gt;}}</code></pre>
    470. 

  470. <div id="file:book-links/cluster-graph-edges.parquet" class="parquet file-block" data-file="book-links/cluster-graph-edges.parquet">
    471. 

  471. <div class="file-header">
    472. 

  472. <code>book-links/cluster-graph-edges.parquet</code>
    473. 

  473. </div>
    474. 

  474. <p>The table of edges rom the book clustering graph.</p>
    475. 

  475. <details class="file-details"><summary>File details</summary>
    476. 

  476. <table class="file-schema table">
    477. 

  477. <caption>Schema for <code>book-links/cluster-graph-edges.parquet</code>.</caption>
    478. 

  478. <colgroup>
    479. 

  479. <col style="width: 60%">
    480. 

  480. <col style="width: 40%">
    481. 

  481. </colgroup>
    482. 

  482. <thead>
    483. 

  483. <tr class="header">
    484. 

  484. <th style="text-align: left;"><div>
    485. 

  485. Field
    486. 

  486. </div></th>
    487. 

  487. <th style="text-align: right;"><div>
    488. 

  488. Type
    489. 

  489. </div></th>
    490. 

  490. </tr>
    491. 

  491. </thead>
    492. 

  492. <tbody>
    493. 

  493. <tr class="odd">
    494. 

  494. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    495. 

  495. src
    496. 

  496. </div></td>
    497. 

  497. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    498. 

  498. Int32
    499. 

  499. </div></td>
    500. 

  500. </tr>
    501. 

  501. <tr class="even">
    502. 

  502. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    503. 

  503. dst
    504. 

  504. </div></td>
    505. 

  505. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    506. 

  506. Int32
    507. 

  507. </div></td>
    508. 

  508. </tr>
    509. 

  509. </tbody>
    510. 

  510. </table>
    511. 

  511. </details>
    512. 

  512. </div>
    513. 

  513. <pre><code>{{&lt; schema book-links/cluster-graph-edges.parquet &gt;}}</code></pre>
    514. 

  514. <dl>
    515. 

  515. <dt><code id="file:book-graph.mp-zst">book-links/book-graph.mp.zst</code></dt>
    516. 

  516. <dd>
    517. 

  517. This is a serialization of the actual graph itself, using <code>rmp-serde</code> to serialize the Petgraph structure with MsgPack and compressing ith with ZStandard. This is unlikely to be usable outside of the Rust codebase, whereas the node and edge tables could be loaded into something like <code>igraph</code> for further analysis.
    518. 

  518. </dd>
    519. 

  519. </dl>
    520. 

  520. </section>
    521. 

  521. </section>
    522. 

  522. <section id="cluster-information-tables" class="level2">
    523. 

  523. <h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="cluster-information-tables">Cluster Information Tables</h2>
    524. 

  524. <p>With the clusters, we then extract additional information from other tables.</p>
    525. 

  525. <div id="file:book-links/cluster-first-authors.parquet" class="parquet file-block" data-file="book-links/cluster-first-authors.parquet">
    526. 

  526. <div class="file-header">
    527. 

  527. <code>book-links/cluster-first-authors.parquet</code>
    528. 

  528. </div>
    529. 

  529. <p>All available first-author records for each cluster, to support linking with VIAF.</p>
    530. 

  530. <details class="file-details"><summary>File details</summary>
    531. 

  531. <table class="file-schema table">
    532. 

  532. <caption>Schema for <code>book-links/cluster-first-authors.parquet</code>.</caption>
    533. 

  533. <colgroup>
    534. 

  534. <col style="width: 60%">
    535. 

  535. <col style="width: 40%">
    536. 

  536. </colgroup>
    537. 

  537. <thead>
    538. 

  538. <tr class="header">
    539. 

  539. <th style="text-align: left;"><div>
    540. 

  540. Field
    541. 

  541. </div></th>
    542. 

  542. <th style="text-align: right;"><div>
    543. 

  543. Type
    544. 

  544. </div></th>
    545. 

  545. </tr>
    546. 

  546. </thead>
    547. 

  547. <tbody>
    548. 

  548. <tr class="odd">
    549. 

  549. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    550. 

  550. cluster
    551. 

  551. </div></td>
    552. 

  552. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    553. 

  553. Int32
    554. 

  554. </div></td>
    555. 

  555. </tr>
    556. 

  556. <tr class="even">
    557. 

  557. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    558. 

  558. author_name
    559. 

  559. </div></td>
    560. 

  560. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    561. 

  561. Utf8
    562. 

  562. </div></td>
    563. 

  563. </tr>
    564. 

  564. </tbody>
    565. 

  565. </table>
    566. 

  566. </details>
    567. 

  567. </div>
    568. 

  568. <div id="file:book-links/cluster-hashes.parquet" class="parquet file-block" data-file="book-links/cluster-hashes.parquet">
    569. 

  569. <div class="file-header">
    570. 

  570. <code>book-links/cluster-hashes.parquet</code>
    571. 

  571. </div>
    572. 

  572. <p>The MD5 checksums of the sorted sequence of ISBNs for each cluster, along with a <code>dcode</code> that is the least-significant bit of the checksum.</p>
    573. 

  573. <details class="file-details"><summary>File details</summary>
    574. 

  574. <table class="file-schema table">
    575. 

  575. <caption>Schema for <code>book-links/cluster-hashes.parquet</code>.</caption>
    576. 

  576. <colgroup>
    577. 

  577. <col style="width: 60%">
    578. 

  578. <col style="width: 40%">
    579. 

  579. </colgroup>
    580. 

  580. <thead>
    581. 

  581. <tr class="header">
    582. 

  582. <th style="text-align: left;"><div>
    583. 

  583. Field
    584. 

  584. </div></th>
    585. 

  585. <th style="text-align: right;"><div>
    586. 

  586. Type
    587. 

  587. </div></th>
    588. 

  588. </tr>
    589. 

  589. </thead>
    590. 

  590. <tbody>
    591. 

  591. <tr class="odd">
    592. 

  592. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    593. 

  593. cluster
    594. 

  594. </div></td>
    595. 

  595. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    596. 

  596. Int32
    597. 

  597. </div></td>
    598. 

  598. </tr>
    599. 

  599. <tr class="even">
    600. 

  600. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    601. 

  601. isbn_hash
    602. 

  602. </div></td>
    603. 

  603. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    604. 

  604. Utf8
    605. 

  605. </div></td>
    606. 

  606. </tr>
    607. 

  607. <tr class="odd">
    608. 

  608. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    609. 

  609. isbn_dcode
    610. 

  610. </div></td>
    611. 

  611. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    612. 

  612. Int8
    613. 

  613. </div></td>
    614. 

  614. </tr>
    615. 

  615. </tbody>
    616. 

  616. </table>
    617. 

  617. </details>
    618. 

  618. </div>
    619. 

  619. <div id="file:book-links/cluster-stats.parquet" class="parquet file-block" data-file="book-links/cluster-stats.parquet">
    620. 

  620. <div class="file-header">
    621. 

  621. <code>book-links/cluster-stats.parquet</code>
    622. 

  622. </div>
    623. 

  623. <p>Statistics for each cluster, useful for auditing and debugging.</p>
    624. 

  624. <details class="file-details"><summary>File details</summary>
    625. 

  625. <table class="file-schema table">
    626. 

  626. <caption>Schema for <code>book-links/cluster-stats.parquet</code>.</caption>
    627. 

  627. <colgroup>
    628. 

  628. <col style="width: 60%">
    629. 

  629. <col style="width: 40%">
    630. 

  630. </colgroup>
    631. 

  631. <thead>
    632. 

  632. <tr class="header">
    633. 

  633. <th style="text-align: left;"><div>
    634. 

  634. Field
    635. 

  635. </div></th>
    636. 

  636. <th style="text-align: right;"><div>
    637. 

  637. Type
    638. 

  638. </div></th>
    639. 

  639. </tr>
    640. 

  640. </thead>
    641. 

  641. <tbody>
    642. 

  642. <tr class="odd">
    643. 

  643. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    644. 

  644. cluster
    645. 

  645. </div></td>
    646. 

  646. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    647. 

  647. Int32
    648. 

  648. </div></td>
    649. 

  649. </tr>
    650. 

  650. <tr class="even">
    651. 

  651. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    652. 

  652. n_nodes
    653. 

  653. </div></td>
    654. 

  654. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    655. 

  655. UInt32
    656. 

  656. </div></td>
    657. 

  657. </tr>
    658. 

  658. <tr class="odd">
    659. 

  659. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    660. 

  660. n_isbns
    661. 

  661. </div></td>
    662. 

  662. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    663. 

  663. UInt32
    664. 

  664. </div></td>
    665. 

  665. </tr>
    666. 

  666. <tr class="even">
    667. 

  667. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    668. 

  668. n_loc_recs
    669. 

  669. </div></td>
    670. 

  670. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    671. 

  671. UInt32
    672. 

  672. </div></td>
    673. 

  673. </tr>
    674. 

  674. <tr class="odd">
    675. 

  675. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    676. 

  676. n_ol_editions
    677. 

  677. </div></td>
    678. 

  678. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    679. 

  679. UInt32
    680. 

  680. </div></td>
    681. 

  681. </tr>
    682. 

  682. <tr class="even">
    683. 

  683. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    684. 

  684. n_ol_works
    685. 

  685. </div></td>
    686. 

  686. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    687. 

  687. UInt32
    688. 

  688. </div></td>
    689. 

  689. </tr>
    690. 

  690. <tr class="odd">
    691. 

  691. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    692. 

  692. n_gr_books
    693. 

  693. </div></td>
    694. 

  694. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    695. 

  695. UInt32
    696. 

  696. </div></td>
    697. 

  697. </tr>
    698. 

  698. <tr class="even">
    699. 

  699. <td style="text-align: left;"><div>
    700. 

  700. n_gr_works
    701. 

  701. </div></td>
    702. 

  702. <td style="text-align: right;"><div>
    703. 

  703. UInt32
    704. 

  704. </div></td>
    705. 

  705. </tr>
    706. 

  706. </tbody>
    707. 

  707. </table>
    708. 

  708. </details>
    709. 

  709. </div>
    710. 

  710. 

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  981.             if (gutterDiv === null) {
    982. 

  982.               gutterDiv = window.document.createElement("div");
    983. 

  983.               gutterDiv.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
    984. 

  984.               gutterDiv.style.position = 'absolute';
    985. 

  985.               const codeCell = window.document.getElementById(targetCell);
    986. 

  986.               const gutter = codeCell.querySelector('.code-annotation-gutter');
    987. 

  987.               gutter.appendChild(gutterDiv);
    988. 

  988.             }
    989. 

  989.             gutterDiv.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
    990. 

  990.             gutterDiv.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
    991. 

  991.           }
    992. 

  992.           selectedAnnoteEl = annoteEl;
    993. 

  993.         }
    994. 

  994.       };
    995. 

  995.       const unselectCodeLines = () => {
    996. 

  996.         const elementsIds = ["code-annotation-line-highlight", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"];
    997. 

  997.         elementsIds.forEach((elId) => {
    998. 

  998.           const div = window.document.getElementById(elId);
    999. 

  999.           if (div) {
    1000. 

  1000.             div.remove();
    1001. 

  1001.           }
    1002. 

  1002.         });
    1003. 

  1003.         selectedAnnoteEl = undefined;
    1004. 

  1004.       };
    1005. 

  1005.       // Attach click handler to the DT
    1006. 

  1006.       const annoteDls = window.document.querySelectorAll('dt[data-target-cell]');
    1007. 

  1007.       for (const annoteDlNode of annoteDls) {
    1008. 

  1008.         annoteDlNode.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
    1009. 

  1009.           const clickedEl = event.target;
    1010. 

  1010.           if (clickedEl !== selectedAnnoteEl) {
    1011. 

  1011.             unselectCodeLines();
    1012. 

  1012.             const activeEl = window.document.querySelector('dt[data-target-cell].code-annotation-active');
    1013. 

  1013.             if (activeEl) {
    1014. 

  1014.               activeEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
    1015. 

  1015.             }
    1016. 

  1016.             selectCodeLines(clickedEl);
    1017. 

  1017.             clickedEl.classList.add('code-annotation-active');
    1018. 

  1018.           } else {
    1019. 

  1019.             // Unselect the line
    1020. 

  1020.             unselectCodeLines();
    1021. 

  1021.             clickedEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
    1022. 

  1022.           }
    1023. 

  1023.         });
    1024. 

  1024.       }
    1025. 

  1025.   const findCites = (el) => {
    1026. 

  1026.     const parentEl = el.parentElement;
    1027. 

  1027.     if (parentEl) {
    1028. 

  1028.       const cites = parentEl.dataset.cites;
    1029. 

  1029.       if (cites) {
    1030. 

  1030.         return {
    1031. 

  1031.           el,
    1032. 

  1032.           cites: cites.split(' ')
    1033. 

  1033.         };
    1034. 

  1034.       } else {
    1035. 

  1035.         return findCites(el.parentElement)
    1036. 

  1036.       }
    1037. 

  1037.     } else {
    1038. 

  1038.       return undefined;
    1039. 

  1039.     }
    1040. 

  1040.   };
    1041. 

  1041.   var bibliorefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-biblioref"]');
    1042. 

  1042.   for (var i=0; i<bibliorefs.length; i++) {
    1043. 

  1043.     const ref = bibliorefs[i];
    1044. 

  1044.     const citeInfo = findCites(ref);
    1045. 

  1045.     if (citeInfo) {
    1046. 

  1046.       tippyHover(citeInfo.el, function() {
    1047. 

  1047.         var popup = window.document.createElement('div');
    1048. 

  1048.         citeInfo.cites.forEach(function(cite) {
    1049. 

  1049.           var citeDiv = window.document.createElement('div');
    1050. 

  1050.           citeDiv.classList.add('hanging-indent');
    1051. 

  1051.           citeDiv.classList.add('csl-entry');
    1052. 

  1052.           var biblioDiv = window.document.getElementById('ref-' + cite);
    1053. 

  1053.           if (biblioDiv) {
    1054. 

  1054.             citeDiv.innerHTML = biblioDiv.innerHTML;
    1055. 

  1055.           }
    1056. 

  1056.           popup.appendChild(citeDiv);
    1057. 

  1057.         });
    1058. 

  1058.         return popup.innerHTML;
    1059. 

  1059.       });
    1060. 

  1060.     }
    1061. 

  1061.   }
    1062. 

  1062. });
    1063. 

  1063. </script>
    1064. 

  1064. </div> <!-- /content -->
    1065. 

  1065. <script data-goatcounter="https://piret-bookdata.goatcounter.com/count" async="" src="//gc.zgo.at/count.js"></script>
    1066. 

  1066. 

  1067. 

  1068. 

  1069. </body></html>
    1070.
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Integrate Google Cloud Storage
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